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Questa discussione ha il solo scopo di suggerire all'utente come costruire un pendrive USB Multiboot con i diversi "gusti" di Ubuntu.
Per qualsiasi: correzione, osservazione, suggerimento o altro, inerente questa discussione, cortesemente, mandatemi un messaggio in privato.
La seguente guida si basa sulla versione 16.04.2 - Desktop - 64 bit
Requisiti:
- pendrive USB da almeno 8GB. La capienza dipende da quanti file ISO si vogliono immagazzinare sul pendrive. Più è grande ... più ce ne stanno.
- file ISO di *buntu
Codice: Seleziona tutto
- ubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
- ubuntu-mate-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
- kubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
- lubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
- xubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
Collego il pendrive USB al PC.
Con il comando
Codice: Seleziona tutto
lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,RM,RO,SIZE,TYPE,UUID,MOUNTPOINT
Con il comando
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mount | grep -i /dev/sdX
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo umount /dev/sdX1
sudo umount /dev/sdX2
sudo umount /dev/sdX3
...
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=512 count=1
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo fdisk /dev/sdX
Codice: Seleziona tutto
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.29.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3534709b.
Command (m for help): p <---<<
Disk /dev/sdd: 14.5 GiB, 15523119104 bytes, 30318592 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3534709b
Command (m for help): n <---<<
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p <---<<
Partition number (1-4, default 1): [Invio] <---<<
First sector (2048-30318591, default 2048): [Invio] <---<<
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-30318591, default 30318591): [Invio] <---<<
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 14.5 GiB.
Partition #1 contains a vfat signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: Y <---<<
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): p <---<<
Disk /dev/sdd: 14.5 GiB, 15523119104 bytes, 30318592 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3534709b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdd1 2048 30318591 30316544 14.5G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t <---<<
Selected partition 1
Partition type (type L to list all types): L <---<<
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden or c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ea Rufus alignment
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ee GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bc Acronis FAT32 L fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
Partition type (type L to list all types): c <---<<
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'W95 FAT32 (LBA)'.
Command (m for help): p <---<<
Disk /dev/sdd: 14.5 GiB, 15523119104 bytes, 30318592 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3534709b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdd1 2048 30318591 30316544 14.5G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Command (m for help): w <---<<
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo mkfs.vfat -v -n MULTIBOOT /dev/sdX1
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/pendrive
sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/pendrive
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/pendrive/boot
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/pendrive/ubuntu
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/mnt/pendrive/boot /dev/sdX
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /mnt/pendrive/boot/grub/grub.cfg
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sudo gedit /mnt/pendrive/boot/grub/grub.cfg
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### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
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...
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
submenu "Ubuntu 16.04.2 (amd64)" {
set isofile="/ubuntu/ubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Ubuntu - Live" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Ubuntu - Installazione" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Ubuntu Mate 16.04.2 (amd64)" {
set isofile="/ubuntu/ubuntu-mate-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Ubuntu Mate - Live" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Ubuntu Mate - Installazione" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Kubuntu 16.04.2 (amd64)" {
set isofile="/ubuntu/kubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Kubuntu - Live" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Kubuntu - Installazione" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Lubuntu 16.04.2 (amd64)" {
set isofile="/ubuntu/lubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Lubuntu - Live" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Lubuntu - Installazione" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
submenu "Xubuntu 16.04.2 (amd64)" {
set isofile="/ubuntu/xubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso"
loopback loop $isofile
menuentry "Xubuntu - Live" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Xubuntu - Installazione" {
linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}
}
Copio tutti i file ISO elencati in precedenza nella directory /mnt/pendrive/ubuntu.
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo cp /PATH/ubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso /mnt/pendrive/ubuntu
sudo cp /PATH/ubuntu-mate-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso /mnt/pendrive/ubuntu
...
Smonto il pendrive USB.
Codice: Seleziona tutto
sudo umount /mnt/pendrive
Happy Linux