Ho acquistato il portatile Acer A515-41G-19BF, ho fatto la rinuncia del Sistema Operativo Windows (ottenendone il rimborso), e ho installato sull'HDD vuoto Ubuntu 20.04, che quindi è l'unico sistema operativo presente.
In base alle informazioni che do qui di seguito, credo di avere un problema con la scheda video dedicata, la Radeon rx 540, e chiedo a chi è esperto di aiutarmi a risolverlo.
Le SPECIFICHE TECNICHE DEL PORTATILE, individuate sul sito Acer tramite numero di serie della macchina, si possono leggere in questa pagina:
https://www.acer.com/datasheets/2017/48 ... T.001.html
Tra di esse, in particolare, rilevo:
DUBBIO 1:Graphics Controller Manufacturer AMD
Graphics Controller Model Radeon™ RX 540
Graphics Memory Capacity Up to 2 GB
Graphics Memory Technology GDDR5
Graphics Memory Accessibility Dedicated
e già qui mi viene un primo dubbio: i due giga di memoria della scheda grafica vengono sottratti alla RAM (che è di 8 giga), o sono aggiuntivi rispetto ad essa? No, perché io ho scelto questo modello di PC in quanto la descrizione diceva che la memoria grafica era dedicata, e io ho interpretato la cosa come se significasse: "2 giga aggiunti alla RAM di 8 giga", ma ora quell' "up to 2 GB" che leggo qui sopra mi fa invece pensare che i 2 giga siano in realtà sottratti alla RAM di 8 giga.
Andando, tramite Gnome, su --> impostazioni --> informazioni --> memoria, leggo:
il che mi lascia ulteriormente perplesso, perché non leggo né 8 giga (che è ciò che mi aspetterei se, come spero, i 2 giga della memoria della scheda grafica fossero aggiunti alla RAM di 8 giga), né 6 giga (che è ciò che mi aspetterei se quei 2 giga fossero sottratti alla RAM di 8 giga).Memoria 7,3 GiB
Per capire un po' le prestazioni delle due schede grafiche (quella integrata nella CPU e quella dedicata - ovvero la Radeon RX 540) ho installato glmark2 e ho dato i seguenti comandi:
DRI_PRIME=0 glmark2
DRI_PRIME=1 glmark2
I risultati sono stati sorprendenti e inquietanti, e mi portano al secondo dubbio.
Risultato del primo comando:
Codice: Seleziona tutto
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ DRI_PRIME=0 glmark2
=======================================================
glmark2 2014.03+git20150611.fa71af2d
=======================================================
OpenGL Information
GL_VENDOR: X.Org
GL_RENDERER: AMD Radeon R7 Graphics (CARRIZO, DRM 3.35.0, 5.4.0-28-generic, LLVM 9.0.1)
GL_VERSION: 4.6 (Compatibility Profile) Mesa 20.0.4
=======================================================
[build] use-vbo=false: FPS: 955 FrameTime: 1.047 ms
[build] use-vbo=true: FPS: 1163 FrameTime: 0.860 ms
[texture] texture-filter=nearest: FPS: 1141 FrameTime: 0.876 ms
[texture] texture-filter=linear: FPS: 1144 FrameTime: 0.874 ms
[texture] texture-filter=mipmap: FPS: 1162 FrameTime: 0.861 ms
[shading] shading=gouraud: FPS: 1032 FrameTime: 0.969 ms
[shading] shading=blinn-phong-inf: FPS: 1049 FrameTime: 0.953 ms
[shading] shading=phong: FPS: 1008 FrameTime: 0.992 ms
[shading] shading=cel: FPS: 1030 FrameTime: 0.971 ms
[bump] bump-render=high-poly: FPS: 908 FrameTime: 1.101 ms
[bump] bump-render=normals: FPS: 1205 FrameTime: 0.830 ms
[bump] bump-render=height: FPS: 1227 FrameTime: 0.815 ms
[effect2d] kernel=0,1,0;1,-4,1;0,1,0;: FPS: 1133 FrameTime: 0.883 ms
[effect2d] kernel=1,1,1,1,1;1,1,1,1,1;1,1,1,1,1;: FPS: 1098 FrameTime: 0.911 ms
[pulsar] light=false:quads=5:texture=false: FPS: 1050 FrameTime: 0.952 ms
[desktop] blur-radius=5:effect=blur:passes=1:separable=true:windows=4: FPS: 779 FrameTime: 1.284 ms
[desktop] effect=shadow:windows=4: FPS: 922 FrameTime: 1.085 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=false:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=map: FPS: 306 FrameTime: 3.268 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=false:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=subdata: FPS: 330 FrameTime: 3.030 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=true:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=map: FPS: 356 FrameTime: 2.809 ms
[ideas] speed=duration: FPS: 899 FrameTime: 1.112 ms
[jellyfish] <default>: FPS: 719 FrameTime: 1.391 ms
[terrain] <default>: FPS: 163 FrameTime: 6.135 ms
[shadow] <default>: FPS: 803 FrameTime: 1.245 ms
[refract] <default>: FPS: 122 FrameTime: 8.197 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=0:vertex-steps=0: FPS: 1148 FrameTime: 0.871 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=5:vertex-steps=0: FPS: 1113 FrameTime: 0.898 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=0:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 1128 FrameTime: 0.887 ms
[function] fragment-complexity=low:fragment-steps=5: FPS: 1116 FrameTime: 0.896 ms
[function] fragment-complexity=medium:fragment-steps=5: FPS: 1121 FrameTime: 0.892 ms
[loop] fragment-loop=false:fragment-steps=5:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 1115 FrameTime: 0.897 ms
[loop] fragment-steps=5:fragment-uniform=false:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 1116 FrameTime: 0.896 ms
[loop] fragment-steps=5:fragment-uniform=true:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 1145 FrameTime: 0.873 ms
=======================================================
glmark2 Score: 930
=======================================================
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ Codice: Seleziona tutto
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ DRI_PRIME=1 glmark2
=======================================================
glmark2 2014.03+git20150611.fa71af2d
=======================================================
OpenGL Information
GL_VENDOR: X.Org
GL_RENDERER: Radeon 500 Series (POLARIS12, DRM 3.35.0, 5.4.0-28-generic, LLVM 9.0.1)
GL_VERSION: 4.6 (Compatibility Profile) Mesa 20.0.4
=======================================================
[build] use-vbo=false: FPS: 526 FrameTime: 1.901 ms
[build] use-vbo=true: FPS: 586 FrameTime: 1.706 ms
[texture] texture-filter=nearest: FPS: 580 FrameTime: 1.724 ms
[texture] texture-filter=linear: FPS: 586 FrameTime: 1.706 ms
[texture] texture-filter=mipmap: FPS: 585 FrameTime: 1.709 ms
[shading] shading=gouraud: FPS: 582 FrameTime: 1.718 ms
[shading] shading=blinn-phong-inf: FPS: 583 FrameTime: 1.715 ms
[shading] shading=phong: FPS: 581 FrameTime: 1.721 ms
[shading] shading=cel: FPS: 580 FrameTime: 1.724 ms
[bump] bump-render=high-poly: FPS: 558 FrameTime: 1.792 ms
[bump] bump-render=normals: FPS: 597 FrameTime: 1.675 ms
[bump] bump-render=height: FPS: 596 FrameTime: 1.678 ms
[effect2d] kernel=0,1,0;1,-4,1;0,1,0;: FPS: 576 FrameTime: 1.736 ms
[effect2d] kernel=1,1,1,1,1;1,1,1,1,1;1,1,1,1,1;: FPS: 554 FrameTime: 1.805 ms
[pulsar] light=false:quads=5:texture=false: FPS: 586 FrameTime: 1.706 ms
[desktop] blur-radius=5:effect=blur:passes=1:separable=true:windows=4: FPS: 529 FrameTime: 1.890 ms
[desktop] effect=shadow:windows=4: FPS: 569 FrameTime: 1.757 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=false:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=map: FPS: 272 FrameTime: 3.676 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=false:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=subdata: FPS: 303 FrameTime: 3.300 ms
[buffer] columns=200:interleave=true:update-dispersion=0.9:update-fraction=0.5:update-method=map: FPS: 334 FrameTime: 2.994 ms
[ideas] speed=duration: FPS: 597 FrameTime: 1.675 ms
[jellyfish] <default>: FPS: 552 FrameTime: 1.812 ms
[terrain] <default>: FPS: 332 FrameTime: 3.012 ms
[shadow] <default>: FPS: 563 FrameTime: 1.776 ms
[refract] <default>: FPS: 454 FrameTime: 2.203 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=0:vertex-steps=0: FPS: 579 FrameTime: 1.727 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=5:vertex-steps=0: FPS: 582 FrameTime: 1.718 ms
[conditionals] fragment-steps=0:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 582 FrameTime: 1.718 ms
[function] fragment-complexity=low:fragment-steps=5: FPS: 582 FrameTime: 1.718 ms
[function] fragment-complexity=medium:fragment-steps=5: FPS: 585 FrameTime: 1.709 ms
[loop] fragment-loop=false:fragment-steps=5:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 587 FrameTime: 1.704 ms
[loop] fragment-steps=5:fragment-uniform=false:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 588 FrameTime: 1.701 ms
[loop] fragment-steps=5:fragment-uniform=true:vertex-steps=5: FPS: 586 FrameTime: 1.706 ms
=======================================================
glmark2 Score: 540
=======================================================
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ Ho pensato che forse il problema potesse essere un cattivo supporto fornito alla Radeon RX 540 dal driver Open Source amdgpu presente in Ubuntu 20.04, e che potesse essere risolto installando i driver proprietari di AMD (se esistono).
Per ottenere tale scopo, cercando su internet ho trovato il seguente sito:
https://linuxconfig.org/amd-radeon-ubun ... stallation
Seguendo passo passo le istruzioni, ho innanzitutto dato il comando sudo lshw -c video per controllare il modello della mia scheda grafica e il driver in uso. Ecco cosa ho ottenuto:
Codice: Seleziona tutto
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ sudo lshw -c video
[sudo] password di andrea:
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Wani [Radeon R5/R6/R7 Graphics]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: c8
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: irq:48 memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:d0800000-d0ffffff ioport:4000(size=256) memory:d1600000-d163ffff memory:c0000-dffff
*-display
description: Display controller
product: Lexa PRO [Radeon 540/540X/550/550X / RX 540X/550/550X]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
version: c3
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
resources: irq:50 memory:c0000000-cfffffff memory:d0000000-d01fffff ioport:2000(size=256) memory:d1400000-d143ffff memory:d1440000-d145ffff
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ Codice: Seleziona tutto
amdgpu 4575232 16
edac_mce_amd 32768 0
kvm_amd 98304 0
ccp 86016 1 kvm_amd
kvm 663552 1 kvm_amd
amd_iommu_v2 20480 1 amdgpu
gpu_sched 32768 1 amdgpu
ttm 106496 1 amdgpu
drm_kms_helper 184320 1 amdgpu
i2c_algo_bit 16384 1 amdgpu
drm 491520 9 gpu_sched,drm_kms_helper,amdgpu,ttm
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ Codice: Seleziona tutto
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ dmesg | grep -i amdgpu
[ 12.062524] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 12.077921] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 0: 0xe0000000 -> 0xefffffff
[ 12.077923] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 2: 0xd0800000 -> 0xd0ffffff
[ 12.077925] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 5: 0xd1600000 -> 0xd163ffff
[ 12.077927] fb0: switching to amdgpudrmfb from EFI VGA
[ 12.078174] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: vgaarb: deactivate vga console
[ 12.079047] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: VRAM: 512M 0x000000F400000000 - 0x000000F41FFFFFFF (512M used)
[ 12.079049] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: GART: 1024M 0x000000FF00000000 - 0x000000FF3FFFFFFF
[ 12.079323] [drm] amdgpu: 512M of VRAM memory ready
[ 12.079328] [drm] amdgpu: 3072M of GTT memory ready.
[ 12.652404] amdgpu: [powerplay] hwmgr_sw_init smu backed is smu8_smu
[ 12.687890] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:01.1: bound 0000:00:01.0 (ops amdgpu_dm_audio_component_bind_ops [amdgpu])
[ 12.932872] fbcon: amdgpudrmfb (fb0) is primary device
[ 12.932996] amdgpu 0000:00:01.0: fb0: amdgpudrmfb frame buffer device
[ 12.955713] [drm] Initialized amdgpu 3.35.0 20150101 for 0000:00:01.0 on minor 0
[ 12.955799] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 0: 0xc0000000 -> 0xcfffffff
[ 12.955801] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 2: 0xd0000000 -> 0xd01fffff
[ 12.955803] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: remove_conflicting_pci_framebuffers: bar 5: 0xd1400000 -> 0xd143ffff
[ 12.955821] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: enabling device (0002 -> 0003)
[ 13.191492] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: VRAM: 2048M 0x000000F400000000 - 0x000000F47FFFFFFF (2048M used)
[ 13.191495] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GART: 256M 0x000000FF00000000 - 0x000000FF0FFFFFFF
[ 13.191573] [drm] amdgpu: 2048M of VRAM memory ready
[ 13.191578] [drm] amdgpu: 3072M of GTT memory ready.
[ 13.538814] amdgpu: [powerplay] hwmgr_sw_init smu backed is polaris10_smu
[ 13.660689] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660694] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660694] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660695] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660696] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660697] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.660697] amdgpu: [powerplay] Voltage value looks like a Leakage ID but it's not patched
[ 13.835074] [drm] Initialized amdgpu 3.35.0 20150101 for 0000:03:00.0 on minor 1
[ 24.580563] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
[ 32.885336] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
[ 50.350653] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
[ 2320.166871] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
[ 5259.750611] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
[ 7285.393229] amdgpu 0000:03:00.0: GPU pci config reset
andrea@andrea-Aspire-A515-41G:~$ Il DUBBIO 3 è quindi: cosa significa tutto ciò? Ha in qualche modo relazione con le apparenti cattive prestazioni della scheda dedicata - vedi dubbio 2 - rispetto a quella integrata? Di che tipo di problema si tratta: è un poblema hardware o software? Come posso risolverlo?
Grazie a chi potrà aiutarmi
EDIT
Arrivato agli ultimi risultati che ho riportato qui sopra (quelli del DUBBIO 3), non ho più cercato di andare avanti con le istruzioni, tratte dal quel sito, per installare i driver proprietari di AMD, anche perché il sito stesso riportava questo avviso:
WARNING
At the time of writing, the proprietary drivers haven't been released for Ubuntu 20.04 yet. Once that happens the article will be updated accordingly.

